Native Americans « Jeffrey Kraus Antique Photographics

NA33. Raymond Nias. Views Taken Near Medicinal Artesian Spring, Sparta, Wisconsin. Busy scene of camp with tipis, wagons, other buildings. Kids appear to be playing game on the ground at right. Scratch on left image appears to be in the negative. Ghost of small child in front. VG. $100

NA56. No ID. Titled in vintage ink on verso “Group of Indians.” Looks like Minnesota or Wisconsin. Few spots. G+. $85

NA71. F. Jay Haynes, Fargo, D.T. 114. Indian Village on Banks of Mississippi. On back is written: “Near our swimming place-Village not there now.” VG. $250

NA75. B.F. Childs, photo. Published by Brubaker & Whitesides, Marquette, Mich. Gems of Lake Superior Scenery. Mrs. Lo and Little Negee. “89” in right negative. G+. $75

NA88. T.H. O’Sullivan. Expedition of 1873. 1st Lieut. Geo. M. Wheeler. Corps of Engineers, Commanding. Geographical and Geological Explorations and Surveys West of the 100th Meridian. No. 6. Group of Zuni Indian “Braves,” at their pueblo, N.M. This image shows O’Sullivan’s large format wet-plate camera at the bottom right. VG. $350

NA100. James Esson, Preston. 243. Chippewa Indians on Collingwood and Lake Sup. Line. VG. $300

NA103. F. Jay Haynes, Fargo, D.T. 120. Down the Mississippi. Above Brainerd. 2 white men in canoe, 2 Indians on shore. VG. $325

NA113. Watkins’ Pacific Coast. 1326. Indian Camp at the Head of the Dalles, Columbia River. E. $150

NA125. T.H. O’Sullivan. Wheeler Expedition of 1873. No. 28. Navajo Boys and Squaw, in front of the quarters at old Fort Defiance, N.M., now unoccupied by troops. The agency for the Navajos is located here. VG. $250

NA126. Charles A. Zimmerman, St. Paul. Scalp of Little Crow. Leader of Indian Massacre of 1862. There are little chips at the top of the mount over the left image. Contrary to the popular understanding of the title of this view, this is not the scalp from the head of Little Crow but rather it is the scalp that Little Crow had mounted on his war staff that he carried with him. VG. $325

NA129. Timothy O’Sullivan. Darien Expedition, Comd’r Selfridge, Comd’g. India Rubber Hunter. G+. $200

NA132. George Curtis, Niagara Falls. 334. Papoose in Indian Cradle. VG. $30

NA170. T.H. O’Sullivan. Wheeler Expedition of 1874. No. 40. Ute Braves, of the Kah-poh-teh band, Northern New Mexico, in “full dress.” VG. $325

NA205. Image by Chamberlain of Denver on Chas. Weitfle, Central City, Colo mount. 331. The Late Chief Ouray & Staff. (Thank you to Paula Fleming). VG. $650

NA220. Whitney’s Gallery, St. Paul. Wah Bo Jeeg, (White Fisher), Chief Gull Lake Band Chippewas. An old warrior once taken prisoner by the Sioux, and speaks the language. VG. $275

NA221. No ID. Probably Winnebagos, with bow and arrows, single eagle feathers, blankets, etc. VG. $375

NA222. No ID. Probably Winnegagos, several groupings, spontaneous, unposed image. VG. $125

NA251. N.A. Forsyth, Butte, Montana. Joe La Moose in His War Paint. E. $175

NA253. N.A. Forsyth, Butte, Montana. The Sampson of the Flatheads. E. $150

NA256. N.A. Forsyth, Butte, Montana. Smoking Pipe of Peace at Grass Dance. E. $150

NA260. N.A. Forsyth, Butte, Montana. The Choosing Dance of the Blackfeet. VG. $125

NA266. N.A. Forsyth, Butte, Montana. Sun Worshippers, Preparing for Sun Dance. E. $125

NA269. N.A. Forsyth, Butte, Montana. Mr. Wild Gun and Family (Blackfeet). G. $100

NA270. N.A. Forsyth, Butte, Montana. Hi-yi, Hi-yi, Flathead War Dance. VG. $125

NA271. N.A. Forsyth, Butte, Montana. Pretty Little Indian Girls VG. $100

NA273. N.A. Forsyth, Butte, Montana. Four Little Indian Boys. VG. $100

NA282. C.W. Carter, Salt Lake City, Utah. Shoshone or Snake Chief. VG. $350

NA283. [N.A. Forsyth, Butte Montana.] A Flathead Babe in Her Cradle Board. VG. $125

NA286. N.A. Forsyth, Butte, Montana. 559. A Nes Perce Indian on His War Horse. VG. $150

NA289. [N.A. Forsyth, Butte, Montana.] Medicine Woman Praying to the Sun. VG. $175

NA324. C.B. Brubaker, Marquette, Mich. Gems of Lake Superior Scenery. No. 79. Chippewa Chief’s Grave. VG. $100

NA331. W.H. Jackson, Denver, Col. 391. Bannock Indians-Scene at Agency. G. $275

NA376. Martin’s Art Gallery, St. Paul, Minn. Red River Train in St. Paul. G. $125

NA381.W.H. Jackson & Co., Denver, Colo. Family Group of Utes. VG. $475

NA382. [Baker & Johnston, Evanston, Wyoming]. Mission School, Shoshone and Arappahos Agency, Wyoming Ter. Crease at center but firm. G. $400

NA396. N.A. Forsyth, Butte, Mont. The Grass Dance in Full Swing. VG. $125

NA397. N.A. Forsyth, Butte, Mont. A Short Rest at Choosing Dance. VG. $150

NA400. N.A. Forsyth, Butte, Mont. The Snake Dance, Flathead Reservation, Mont. VG. $125

NA403. N.A. Forsyth, Butte, Mont. A Woman Over 100 Years Old. G. $85

NA407. N.A. Forsyth, Butte, Mont. Nearing the End of a Noble Life, Chief Louison. VG. $150

NA412. J. Carbutt, Chicago, Illinois. Views of the Rocky Mountains and Vicinity. 311. Indian Domestic Life in the Pawnee Village. VG. $350

NA418. N.A. Forsyth, Butte, Mont. In the Shade of the Old Tepee. VG. $125

NA425. Wm. H. Jackson, Omaha, Neb. No. 212. School House for Indians on Pawnee Reserve. G. $300

NA426. Wm. H. Jackson, Omaha, Neb. No. 217. Pawnee Chiefs and Warriors. G. $600

NA427. Wm. H. Jackson, Omaha, Neb. No. 218. Group of Pawnee Chiefs and Warriors. G. $600

NA430. W.H. Jackson. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey of the Territories. Prof. F.V. Hayden in charge. Views among the Rocky Mountains of Colorado. Chief Peah in Headress. From Picture Maker of the Old West, pps. 196-197: “Chief Peah…was at first very pleased to pose….he wheedled a few friends into a group before a tepee, and Jackson photographed them. While Peah was busy…Jackson took a picture of his papoose on its carrying-board. As soon as Peah found out about this, he became very angry and, riding up with some companions, threw a blanket over the camera, protesting, ‘No sabe picture…all die….pony die….papoose die.'” G. $650

NA450. Raymond Nias. Views taken near Medicinal Artesian Spring, Sparta, Wisconsin. Dacohtah Tepe or tent. G. $100

NA454. Naumann & Molander, Duluth. Lake Superior and Duluth Views. Views in the Dalles of the St. Louis. Indian Village, Douglas Co., Wis. Nick off bottom left of left image o/w VG. $150

NA457. W.H. Illingworth. Published by Huntington & Co., Saint Paul, Minn. Stereographs of Minnesota Scenery. Old Betz. VG. $200

NA460. Geo. Barker, Niagara Falls, NY. 571-Squaw and Pappoose. VG. $35

NA461. No ID. Indian Woman breastfeeding child, Niagara Falls, NY. G. $125

NA464. Hillers for the U.S. Topographical and Geological Survey of the Colorado River of the West. J.W. Powell and A.H. Thompson. Indians of the Colorado Valley. No. 42. U-ai Nu-ints. A tribe of Indians living on the Rio Virgen, a tributary of the Colorado, in Southern Utah. The Hunter. VG. $175

NA465. Hillers for the U.S. Topographical and Geological Survey of the Colorado River of the West. J.W. Powell and A.H. Thompson. Indians of the Colorado Valley. No. 70. Nu-a-gun-tits. A tribe of Indians living at the Ve-gas, or Meadows, in Southwestern Nevada. Two “Old Boys.” VG. $200

NA468. W.H. Jackson credited on recto, Hillers on verso. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey of the Territories. Prof. F.V. Hayden, in charge. J.W. Powell, Geologist in charge. Indians of the Colorado Valley. Kai-vav-its. A tribe of the Pai Utes, on the Kai-bab Plateau, near the Grand Canon of the Colorado, in Northern Arizona. No. 13. The Basket-Maker. G. $150

NA471. Hillers for the U.S. Topographical and Geological Survey of the Colorado River of the West. J.W. Powell and A.H. Thompson. Indians of the Colorado Valley. No. 2. Kai-vav-its. A tribe of the Pai Utes, living on the Kai-bab Plateau, near the Grand Canon of the Colorado, in Northern Arizona. Group of Men in Full Dress. VG. $275

NA473. J. Carbutt, Chicago, Illinois. Views of the Rocky Mountains and Vicinity. 312. Gov’t School for Indians, Pawnee Reservation. VG. $425

NA488. Adrian J. Ebell, published by Whitney’s Gallery, St. Paul, Minn. No. 70. Squaws Guarding Corn from Blackbirds. This was taken by Ebell near the Indian Mission on the Minnesota River on the morning of the day of the 1862 massacre. VG. $375

NA493. Continent Stereoscopic Co., NY. Alaska Indians at Sitka. VG+. $250

NA496. Henry Brown, Santa Fe, N.M. Pueblo Tesuque Indians. No. 69. Two Indians hold pistols and there is an interesting figural doll on the shoulder of the man at center. G. $500

NA499. F. Jay Haynes, Fargo, D.T. 585. Indian Wigwam or Teepee. In this case it’s a teepee. VG. $325

NA500. H. Buehman, Tucson, A.T. 26. Grinding flour. VG. $300

NA501. H. Buehman, Tucson, A.T. 74. Cactus. I love the way Buehman titles this view “Cactus” when we think the interesting part is the Indian with his rifle. VG. $350

NA502. A.C. McIntyre, Alexandria Bay, River St. Lawrence. Indian Camp, Thousand Islands. G. $150

NA504. Child’s Art Gallery, Marquette, Mich. Gems of Lake Superior Scenery. Soo Wigwam. VG. $85

NA509. F. Jay Haynes, Fargo, D.T. Group of Indian Chiefs during President Arthur’s trip to Yellowstone. VG. $375

NA510. F. Jay Haynes, Fargo, D.T. Group of Indians on horseback, President Arthur’s trip t0 Yellowstone. VG. $375

NA512. Muybridge. The Modoc War. 1628-Warm Spring Indian Scouts in Camp. VG. $1200

NA513. Muybridge. The Modoc War. 1626-A Modoc Brave on the War Path. VG. $1250

NA514. Muybridge. The Modoc War. 1617-Bringing in the Wounded after an Engagement. VG. $1250

NA520. Muybridge. The Modoc War. 1625-One Eyed Dixie and Modoc Squaws. G. $250

NA539. J. Carbutt, Chicago. Views of the Rocky Mountains and Vicinity. 310. Group of Indians and Mud Lodge in Pawnee Village. VG. $350

NA541. S.R. Stoddard, Glens Falls, NY. 1334. The Young Basket Maker, Lake George. VG. $150

NA542. Child’s Art Gallery, Marquette, Mich. Gems of Lake Superior Scenery. Indian Village. G. $85

NA544. Gates & Co., Watkins Glen, NY. The Indian Basket Makers, Watkins, NY. VG. $100

NA549. Bennett & Brown, Santa Fe, N.M. Among the Ancient and Interesting Scenery of New Mexico. No. 68. Pueblo Tesuque Series. The Little Darlings, Pueblo Tesuque Indian Children. VG. $200

NA551. Caswell & Davy, Duluth, Minn. Lake Superior Scenery, North Shore. From another copy of this view, the title is No. 78. The Lo Family-Ye Noble Reds. VG. $475

NA552. Muybridge. The Modoc War. 1621-Generals Jeff C. Davis, Hardie, and Gillem; and Officers of the Modoc Campaign. VG. $1200

NA553. Geo. Barker, Niagara Falls, NY. Tuscarora Squaws-Luna Island-Niagara. G. $125

NA554. N.A. Forsyth, Butte, Mont. Black Bear Making Speech at Sun Dance Ceremony. VG. $150

NA558. Watkins’ Pacific Coast. 222. At the Rancherio, Mendocino County, California. VG. $250

NA560. F.J. Haynes, Fargo, D.T. Three Native American women. G. $125

NA564. S.J. Morrow, Yankton, D.T. Views of Gen’l Crook’s Expedition and the Black Hills. No. 10. Cheyenne Warriors in council costume and war bonnets. VG. $1200

NA565. S.J. Morrow, Yankton, D.T. Views of Gen’l Crook’s Expedition and the Black Hills. No. 15. Squaws dressing Buffalo hides, and showing manner of stretching them. VG. $1000

NA570. S.J. Morrow, Yankton, D.T. Old Horse Rails and Squaw. G. $525

NA572. Carter’s View Emporium, Salt Lake City, Utah. Group of Pahute Indians. VG. $200

NA576. S. J. Morrow, Yankton, Dakota. Photographic Gems from the Great North-West. Chiefs of the Mandans. VG-. $975

NA577. Thomas Houseworth & Co., San Francisco. Central Pacific Railroad. 601. An Indian Rancheria in the Sierra Nevada Mountains. VG-. $250

NA578. Watkins’ Pacific Coast. 2505 Headquarters and Bluff, view taken from beyond picket line, looking North-West. Modoc War view. VG. $650

NA579. Thomas Houseworth & Co., San Francisco. Great Geyser Springs. 1168. Indian Sweat Bath, Sonoma County, Cal. VG. $350

NA580. S. J. Morrow, Yankton, D.T. Photographic Gems of the Great North-West. Iron Bull, Chief of the Crow Nation. VG. $850

NA582. W. R. Cross, Niobrara, Neb. Indian Scouts Thorn & Bull in Water. 7th Cavalry Arikara Scouts. VG. $600

NA585. W.H. Jackson, Washington, DC. Hayden Survey mount. Native American Pueblo. VG. $325

NA586. W.H. Jackson, Washington, DC. Hayden Survey mount. Native American Pueblo with gathering of Native Americans. VG. $400

NA587. W.H. Jackson, Washington, DC. Hayden Survey mount. Native American Pueblo. VG. $325

NA588. W.H. Jackson, Washington, DC. Hayden Survey mount. Native American Pueblo. VG. $300

NA589. W.H. Illingworth, St. Paul, Minn. Stereographs of Lake Superior Scenery. Indian Wigwam on the Saministiqua. VG. $250

NA594. S.J. Morrow, Yankton, D.T. Photographic Gems of the Great Northwest. Indian Series. 111. Sioux pappoose asleep, bound in crib. VG. $200

NA595. F. Jay Haynes, Fargo, D.T. Northern Pacific Views. Indian Delegation to the President. G. $200

NA598. A.C. McIntyre. Scenery among the Thousand Islands, on the River St. Lawrence. Indian Camp. G. $85

NA599. F.A. Taylor, publisher. 258. Ree? Scouts “Medicine Wolf” and “Lover.” I believe these scouts enlisted in 1874 at Fort Abraham Lincoln. G-. $275

NA603. Nowack, Minneapolis. While there is a title listing on verso, no title matches the scene. Group of Minnesota Sioux with baggage at train depot. Natives in western dress and white man stand behind, one or more with rifles. G. $225

NA607. Charles Zimmerman, St. Paul, Minn. Bitter Man (Cree Chief). Damage at bottom left corner. Fair. $95

NA611. Kirkland. Ute Indians. G. $300

NA616. N.A. Forsyth, Butte, Montana. A Well Dressed Group on the Flathead. VG. $125

NA619. N.A. Forsyth, Butte, Montana. Little Dog, Chief of the Blackfeet. VG. $125

NA621. N.A. Forsyth, Butte, Montana. Blackfeet Lodge where Sun Dance is held. VG. $100

NA622. N.A. Forsyth, Butte, Montana. The Women use Fine Saddles. VG. $125

NA623. N.A. Forsyth, Butte, Montana. Gifts for the Sun, Blackfeet Sun Dance. VG. $125

NA624. Hillers for the Powell and Thompson Survey of the Colorado River. Indians of the Colorado Valley. No. 45. U-ai nu-ints. A tribe of Indians living on the Rio Virgen, a tributary of the Colorado, in Southern Utah. The Kahn, or Tent. 1874. VG. $125

NA627. Hillers for the Powell and Thompson Survey of the Colorado River. Indians of the Colorado Valley. No. 69. Nu-a-gun-tits. A tribe of Indians living at the Ve-gas, or Meadows, in Southwestern Nevada. E-nu-ints-i-gaip, One of the Ancients. VG. $125

NA629. Hillers for the Powell and Thompson Survey of the Colorado River. Indians of the Colorado Valley. No. 30. Kai-vav-its. A tribe of the Pai Utes, living on the Kai-bab Plateau, near the Grand Canon of the Colorado, in Northern Arizona. Ku-ra-tu at Rest. Lower left corner crease. G. $100

NA630. Hillers for the Powell and Thompson Survey of the Colorado River. Indians of the Colorado Valley. No. 28. Kai-vav-its. A tribe of the Pai Utes, living on the Kai-bab Plateau, near the Grand Canon of the Colorado, in Northern Arizona. Won-Si-Vu and Ku-ra-tu. G. $125

NA631. Hillers for the Powell and Thompson Survey of the Colorado River. Indians of the Colorado Valley. No. 8. Kai-vav-its. A tribe of the Pai Utes, living on the Kai-bab Plateau, near the Grand Canon of the Colorado, in Northern Arizona. Ku-ra-tu. G. $125

NA632. Hillers for the Powell and Thompson Survey of the Colorado River. Indians of the Colorado Valley. No. 22. Kai-vav-its. A tribe of the Pai Utes, living on the Kai-bab Plateau, near the Grand Canon of the Colorado, in Northern Arizona. The Seed Gatherers. G. $125

NA633. Hillers for the Powell and Thompson Survey of the Colorado River. Indians of the Colorado Valley. No. 21. Kai-vav-its. A tribe of the Pai Utes, living on the Kai-bab Plateau, near the Grand Canon of the Colorado, in Northern Arizona. The Water Carriers. G. $125

NA634. Hillers for the Powell and Thompson Survey of the Colorado River. Indians of the Colorado Valley. No. 20. Kai-vav-its. A tribe of the Pai Utes, living on the Kai-bab Plateau, near the Grand Canon of the Colorado, in Northern Arizona. “One-little Two-little Three-little Injuns.” G. $125

NA635. Hillers for the Powell and Thompson Survey of the Colorado River. Indians of the Colorado Valley. No. 19. Kai-vav-its. A tribe of the Pai Utes, living on the Kai-bab Plateau, near the Grand Canon of the Colorado, in Northern Arizona. Game of Wolf and Deer. G. $125

NA637. Hillers for the Powell and Thompson Survey of the Colorado River. Indians of the Colorado Valley. No. 12. Kai-vav-its. A tribe of the Pai Utes, living on the Kai-bab Plateau, near the Grand Canon of the Colorado, in Northern Arizona. Ta-vo-kok-i, or the Circle Dance. (Winter Costume.) G. $125

NA638. Hillers for the Powell and Thompson Survey of the Colorado River. Indians of the Colorado Valley. No. 11. Kai-vav-its. A tribe of the Pai Utes, living on the Kai-bab Plateau, near the Grand Canon of the Colorado, in Northern Arizona. Ta-vo-kok-i, or The Circle Dance (Summer Costume.) G. $125

NA643. Hillers for the Powell and Thompson Survey of the Colorado River. Indians of the Colorado Valley. No. 14. Kai-vav-its. A tribe of the Pai Utes, living on the Kai-bab Plateau, near the Grand Canon of the Colorado, in Northern Arizona. Group of Women in Full Dress. VG. $150

NA644. Hillers for the Powell and Thompson Survey of the Colorado River. Indians of the Colorado Valley. No. 16. Kai-vav-its. A tribe of the Pai Utes, living on the Kai-bab Plateau, near the Grand Canon of the Colorado, in Northern Arizona. Showing the Wi-geav, or Feather Head Dress. G. $150

NA651. Continent Stereoscopic Company, NY. 262-An Arizona Indian at Rest. Small split at left margin. G. $100

NA652. Continent Stereoscopic Company. 204-A Mojave Indian Scene in Arizona. G. $75

NA653. Muybridge, published by Bradley & Rulofson, San Francisco. The Modoc War. 1627-A Modoc Brave on the War Path. G. $650

Cal907. Carleton Watkins, hand-signed and titled view. 1064. Ranchirie? at Clarks. The title on Carletonwatkins.org is “Indian Camp, Yosemite Valley, Mariposa County, Cal.” VG. $350

NA658. Powell & Thompson Topographical and Geological Survey of the Colorado River of the West. Photographed by Hillers. Indians of the Colorado Valley. No. 10. Kai-vav-its. A tribe of the Pai Utes, living on the Kai-bab Plateau, near the Grand Canon of the Colorado, in Northern Arizona. Ku-ra-tu and Mu-pates. VG. $125

NA659. Powell & Thompson Topographical and Geological Survey of the Colorado River of the West. Photographed by Hillers. Indians of the Colorado Valley. No. 35. Kai-vav-its. A tribe of the Pai Utes, living on the Kai-bab Plateau, near the Grand Canon of the Colorado, in Northern Arizona. Summer Home Under a Cedar. G. $125

NA661. Powell & Thompson Topographical and Geological Survey of the Colorado River of the West. Photographed by Hillers. Indians of the Colorado Valley. No. 36. Kai-vav-its. A tribe of the Pai Utes, living on the Kai-bab Plateau, near the Grand Canon of the Colorado, in Northern Arizona. Domestic Scene. VG. $200

NA662. Powell & Thompson Topographical and Geological Survey of the Colorado River of the West. Photographed by Hillers. Indians of the Colorado Valley. No. 33. Kai-vav-its. A tribe of the Pai Utes, living on the Kai-bab Plateau, near the Grand Canon of the Colorado, in Northern Arizona. Chu-ar-re-um-peak and Family. VG. $200

NA664. Powell & Thompson Topographical and Geological Survey of the Colorado River of the West. Photographed by Hillers. Indians of the Colorado Valley. No. 26. Kai-vav-its. A tribe of the Pai Utes, living on the Kai-bab Plateau, near the Grand Canon of the Colorado, in Northern Arizona. Proud of Their Grand-Son. G. $125

NA665. Geo. Barker, Niagara Falls, N.Y. Tuscarora Squaws, Luna Island, Niagara. They are selling their beadwork bags. E. $125

NA666. Geo. Barker, Niagara Falls, N.Y. Scalp of “Hole-in-the-day_–Sioux Warrior. G. $150

NA667. Thomas Houseworth & Co., San Francisco. Central Pacific Railroad. 595. Digger Indian Hunter. VG. $225

NA669. F. Jay Haynes, Fargo, D.T. 559. Poplar Creek Landing. VG. $350

NA671. S.J. Morrow, Yankton, D.T. Hunter discovers Indians Trail. This is Luther Sage “Yellowstone” Kelly (1849-1928). See my blog on Yellowstone Kelly. G. $500

NA675. A.C. McIntyre & Co., Alexandria Bay, Jefferson Co., N.Y. Scenery among the Thousand Islands on the River St. Lawrence. Indian Camp. VG. $150

NA676. A.C. McIntyre & Co., Alexandria Bay, Jefferson Co., N.Y. Scenery among the Thousand Islands on the River St. Lawrence. Indian Camp, Start for Home. VG. $150

NA678. No ID. Manuscript on verso “Indian Encampment.” This view came with a group of 3 other views which were taken on Manitoulin Island, western Canada. VG. $250

NA679. [H.H. Bennett]. This is an unmounted stereoview. The titled of this image is Winnebago Indians Playing Wah-koo-chad-ah (Moccasin), a favorite game. VG. $100

NA680. W.H. Jackson for the Hayden Survey. 138.-War Chief’s Tent. This is Chief Washakie’s tent (Shoshone). VG. $300

NA681. N.A. Forsyth, Butte, Mont. Chief Moise and His Family. E. $150

NA682. N.A. Forsyth, Butte, Mont. The Kitten and the Coyote, Flathead Reservation. E. $150

NA683. N.A. Forsyth, Butte, Mont. The Great Chief Charlot, Flathead Reservation. E. $150

NA687. [Ben Wittick] A rare cabinet sized view by Fort Wingate, New Mexico photographer Ben Wittick, showing a group of Mojave inside a brush shelter surrounding a prone emaciated man. Captioned in period ink on verso “Sick Mojave-Indian sick with Rheumatism.” This image is illustrated in Broder (1991) Shadows on Glass: The Indian World of Ben Wittick, page 91, where it is captioned “Mojave Man Dying, Arizona, 1883.” VG. $1250

NA688. [Ben Wittick] A rare cabinet sized view by Fort Wingate, New Mexico photographer Ben Wittick, showing a group of Mojave inside a brush shelter surrounding a prone emaciated man. Captioned in period ink on verso “Sick Mojave-Medicine Man-Arizona.” A similar image of this man (see above NA687) is illustrated in Broder (1991) Shadows on Glass: The Indian World of Ben Wittick, page 91, where it is captioned “Mojave Man Dying, Arizona, 1883.” VG. $1250

NA691. Edw. J. Muybridge, Helios, San Francisco. View of the Pacific Coast. Alaska Ter.–Sitka. Group of Indians. VG. $1000

NA695. Charles A. Zimmerman, St. Paul, Minn. Ha-zon-e-yon-ke-win (Old Bets) (one who gathers berries running), 120 years old. G. $125

NA698. No ID. Indians at Fort Marion. G. $350

NA699. Geo. Pierron. St. Augustine Views. Group of Indians-Fort Marion. G. $350

NA700. The Florida Club. St. Augustine Views. Indians at Fort Marion. From an image in a colleagues collection that was taken later at the Carlisle Indian Industrial School (shown above, not included with the stereoview), the caption identifies four of the men starting second from left in the front row as, L-R: Henry Pratt Taawayite (Comanche), David Pendleton Oakerhater (Southern Cheyenne), Paul Caryl Zotom (Kiowa), John Wicks Okstec (unknown Tribe). VG. $375

NA702. Watkins’ Pacific Coast. 2507. Group of Warm Springs Indians. G. $750

NA705. Muybridge. The Modoc War. 1623–Donald McKay, the celebrated Warm Spring Indian Scout and his chief men. VG. $1000

NA708. Negative by Mathew Brady, published by E&HT Anthony. Washington City Views. No. 2735. President’s Summer House, Washington. Interpreter John Smith is the tall man at left; Lincoln’s secretary John Nicolay is at center. The subjects seated in the front row, left to right, have been identified as Standing in Water, War Bonnet, and Lean Bear, Cheyenne; and Yellow Wolf, Kiowa.

In the early spring of 1863 a delegation of Southern Plains Indians, members of the Apache, Arapaho, Caddo, Cheyenne, Comanche, and Kiowa tribes, were invited to Washington to meet with President Abraham Lincoln at the height of the Civil War. The purpose of the visit was to secure peaceful relations with the Indians and to dissuade them from joining forces with the Confederacy. Recruitment of Native Americans to fight for the South had met with some success, notably among the Cherokee Nation in the Trans-Mississippi West, and overtures were being made to other tribes in the Indian Territory, now Oklahoma. The Indian delegation accompanied by their agent, Samuel G. Colley, and their interpreter, John Simpson Smith, were escorted into the East Room of the White House, where they were immediately confronted by a large assembly of gentlemen and ladies including foreign ministers and their families, secretaries of the interior, state and treasury, the commissioner of Indian affairs, and a host of distinguished guests. According to newspaper accounts, “The savages were dressed in full feather—buffalo robes, Indian tanned, and bead worked leggings, with a profusion of paints upon their faces and hair, etc. . . . They squatted themselves down upon the floor in a semicircle—fourteen chiefs and two squaws—and were instantly surrounded by the curious crowd.” One of the delegates, a Kiowa chief named Yellow Wolf, drew special attention for the large silver peace medal he wore, given to the Kiowas by President Thomas Jefferson. The medal had been handed down for generations and was held in the highest esteem by the tribe. After a brief wait President Lincoln entered the room and listened attentively to introductory remarks by Superintendent of Indian Affairs William P. Dole. Then the interpreter, John Smith, introduced each of the chiefs to the president, who solemnly shook their hands. The president, speaking to the Indians through their interpreter, told the chiefs that he was eager to hear anything they wished to say. Two Cheyenne chiefs, Lean Bear and Spotted Wolf, each addressed the president with expressions of amazement for all the wonderful things they had witnessed; they pledged their tribal friendship but expressed dire concern about the encroachment of white settlers on their lands. President Lincoln responded by telling the Indians that “It is the object of this Government to be on terms of peace with you and all our red brethren. We constantly endeavor to be so. We make treaties with you, and will try to observe them” Lincoln continued, “The palefaced people are numerous and prosperous because they cultivate the earth, produce bread, and depend upon the products of the earth rather than wild game for a subsistence. This is the chief reason of the difference; but there is another. Although we are now engaged in a great war between one another, we are not, as a race, so much disposed to fight and kill one another as our red brethren.” The bitter irony of telling the chiefs of the Southern Plains that the white race was not as warlike as the Indians were inclined was not lost on the crowd of guests who were painfully aware of the enormous carnage of the ongoing Civil War. Lincoln then concluded the meetings by telling the chiefs that the commissioner of Indian affairs would see that the delegation would soon be returned home. The president rose and once again shook hands with each of the chiefs. Later that afternoon the delegation was ushered to the west end of the White House and crossed the path to the Conservatory, where one of Mathew Brady’s cameramen was busily preparing to take group portraits. The Lincoln White House Conservatory, also known as the greenhouse or “President’s Summer House,” was actually the second building used for the purpose of botanical retreat. The first stood on the east side of the mansion near the old stable. Both decrepit structures were torn down to make way for the Treasury Building extension. The inception of a new White House Conservatory began with President Franklin Pierce, but actual construction of the building did not start until President James Buchanan assumed office. Located just 12 feet west of the White House and connected by a narrow glazed passage, the large wooden structure was completed in 1857 at a cost of $16,000. “The glass roof and sides made it seem light, despite its mass . . . Inside, the conservatory had one grand central room, very high and with a steeply slanted ceiling; it housed rows of heavy, green-painted tables. On them plants en mass created a thick growth of greenery and bloom.” President Lincoln’s personal secretary, George Nicolay, attended the meeting with the Southern Plains Peace Delegation at the White House and after the adjournment accompanied the visitors to the Conservatory. A few weeks later Nicolay wrote to his future wife, Therena Bates, a firsthand account of the event:

Executive Mansion, Washington, April 9, 1863.

Dear Therena

I am still enjoying the quiet in the house produced by the President’s absence. He has not yet returned from Fredericksburg, or rather Falmouth, and consequently the crowd that usually haunts the interchamber and my office keep at a distance. He will probably be back again by tomorrow, when they will once more swarm in upon us like Egyptian locusts.

I enclose you a little picture of a group taken about two weeks ago, in our conservatory here. A delegation of Indians from the plains were here to see the President, and afterwards they were taken out into the greenhouse and photographed as you see them, original copperheads against a background of palefaces. The young ladies are, counting from the left, Miss Geralt, Miss Lisbon, Miss Kennedy, and another Miss Geralt, all but Miss Kennedy belonging to the Diplomatic Corps. I have a stereoscopic view of it which shows to better advantage.

Your George.

The “little picture” which Nicolay included in his letter is preserved in the Manuscript Division of the Library of Congress, an unmounted albumen carte de visite—size photograph—approximately 2 by 3 inches. The carte de visite or visiting card photograph was a favorite format for paper photographs taken during the Civil War. Nicolay further stated that he had a stereoscopic view of the group portrait, referring to the popular mid-nineteenth-century double-image card that, when seen through a stereoscopic viewing device, produced a three-dimensional picture. Mathew Brady, the noted Civil War photographer, produced three distinct views of the Indian delegation taken in the White House conservatory. In each of the three photographs the most influential members of the Southern Plains Delegation were prominently posed in the front row. Three Cheyenne chiefs—Standing in Water, War Bonnet, and Lean Bear were seated next to the Kiowa leader, Yellow Wolf. In two of the photographs Yellow Wolf’s Jefferson Peace Medal is plainly visible. The two front rows of Indians and their interpreter remained for all three photographs, creating a setting for the other visitors to be included in the historic record. Two of the three Brady negatives for the Indian photographs were numbered and published as stereoviews by E. & H. T. Anthony, New York City. One image (not published as a stereoview) includes Kate Chase, the vivacious daughter of Secretary of the Treasury Salmon P. Chase, standing next to three gentlemen—the interpreter John Smith and two unidentified guests. To the right of Miss Chase are three women whose identities remain unknown but may have been family members of visiting dignitaries. Another group portrait portrays only Native Americans with their interpreter, John Smith. In the third conservatory portrait George Nicolay is positioned at center in the back row, flanked by four identified family members of the diplomatic corps. At the far left of the image in the back row stand John Smith and Indian agent, Samuel G. Colley. The enigmatic bonneted woman in the back row, far right, has sometimes been referred to as First Lady Mary Todd Lincoln. No contemporary identification, however, supports the claim, and even George Nicolay who named all the other non-Indian guests in the picture, failed to provide her identity. Just eight days after Yellow Wolf visited the White House, he died of pneumonia at his Washington hotel. His personal effects—bow and arrows, buffalo robes and blankets, and the large silver peace medal, a present from President Jefferson to Yellow Wolf’s ancestors, were buried with the Kiowa chief in a government-furnished coffin. Yellow Wolf was laid to rest far from his native Plains in Congressional Cemetery. The fates of the three Cheyenne chiefs photographed next to Yellow Wolf are equally sad. Less than two years after their peace mission to Washington, all three chiefs were killed. War Bonnet and Standing in Water were slaughtered in the Sand Creek Massacre. Lean Bear was mistaken for a hostile and killed in May 1864 by Colorado troops intent on following orders to shoot Indians wherever they were found on the Plains. The peace medal given to Lean Bear during his visit to the White House was found on his bullet-riddled body and in his hand was clutched a piece of paper verifying that he was a peaceful friend of the whites— signed, A. Lincoln. Two cent tax stamp on verso. VG. $1500

NA710. No ID. Indians at the Fort at St. Augustine. VG. $300

NA711. No ID. A Picture of the Indian Cut Throats & Scalpers, who were confined in the Old Spanish Fort as prisoners of war by the United States Government. VG. $325

NA713. F. Jay Haynes, Fargo, D.T. 891. Crow Indian Warriors. G. $300

NA714. Upton. November 1869. From Series of Indian Portraits and Views, made by Upton, At different times while among the Sioux, Chippewa and Winnebago Nations. VG. $300

NA715. No ID. Iron Scare, Sioux Chief. VG. $350

NA716. No ID. Omaha Wigwam. VG. $300

NA717. Charles A. Zimmerman, St. Paul, Minn. O-gee-tub (Heavy Sitter), Chief of Cass Lake Chippewas. VG. $350

NA718. Charles A. Zimmerman, St. Paul, Minn. Ke-bey-naw-ke, (The Winner), Chippewa Brave. VG. $350

NA719. Charles A. Zimmerman, St. Paul, Minn. Old Betz. VG. $150

NA720. H.H. Bennett, Kilbourn City, Wis. St. Paul Ice Carnival. 1566. Sioux Indians at the Carnival, young Braves and Squaw. VG. $125

NA721. C.R. Savage, Salt Lake City, Utah. Views of the Great West from the Missouri River to the Pacific Ocean. Utah Series. Bannock Indians. G. $275

NA722. Hillers. J.W. Powell and A.H. Thompson. U.S. Topographical and Geological Survey of the Colorado River of the West. Indians of the Colorado Valley. No. 1. Kai-Vav-Its. The Arrow Maker and His Daughter. 1874. VG. $175

NA724. T.H. O’Sullivan. Wheeler Expedition of 1874. No. 42. Shee-zah-nan-tan, Jicarilla Apache Brave in characteristic costume, Northern New Mexico. VG. $150